Cholera


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Cholera

Cholera: This disease is caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria infect the small intestine. They enter the human body through contaminated water and food.

Signs and Symptoms: Cholera is characterized by severe, but painless diarrhoea followed by sudden vomiting. This leads to loss of body fluids resulting in dehydration. The loss of body fluids and minerals causes muscular cramps. The eyes are sunken, and the skin becomes cold and wrinkled. If untreated, cholera can cause death.

Control: Dehydration can be prevented by giving the patient a solution of ORS or a solution of salt and sugar. Intravenous administration of normal saline (alkaline solution of 0.9% sodium chloride) is also recommended.

Prevention: Clean drinking water, proper sanitation and vaccination are methods of preventing - the disease.

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Cholera disease is caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae.

(b)  Vibrio cholerae bacteria infect the small intestine.

(c) Vibrio cholerae bacteria infect the lungs.

Right Option : B
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Question : 2

Cholera is caused by __________________

Right Option : B
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Question : 3

Which of the following are correct:

(a) Sudden onset of painless, profuse, watery diarrhoea is the symptom of cholera.

(b) Maintaining proper sanitation practices is the preventive measure of cholera.

(c) Boiling water before drinking is the preventive measure of cholera.

Right Option : D
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